{"id":1801,"date":"2025-10-13T16:40:13","date_gmt":"2025-10-13T16:40:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/?p=1801"},"modified":"2025-10-14T05:03:40","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T05:03:40","slug":"masurarea-rezistentei-interne-la-celulele-lifepo4-cu-fnirsi-hrm-10-ce-conteaza-cu-adevarat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/electronica\/masurarea-rezistentei-interne-la-celulele-lifepo4-cu-fnirsi-hrm-10-ce-conteaza-cu-adevarat\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u0103surarea rezisten\u021bei interne la celulele LiFePO4 cu FNIRSI HRM-10: ce conteaz\u0103 cu adev\u0103rat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Rezisten\u021ba intern\u0103 (IR) a unei celule LiFePO4 este unul dintre cei mai buni indicatori timpurii ai st\u0103rii ei de s\u0103n\u0103tate. O IR crescut\u0103 \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103derea tensiunii sub sarcin\u0103, \u00eenc\u0103lzire, eficien\u021b\u0103 mai mic\u0103 \u0219i, \u00een final, performan\u021b\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103 a \u00eentregului pachet. Pentru celule noi \u0219i de calitate, valorile sunt, de regul\u0103, sub 1 m\u03a9, iar mai important dec\u00e2t o singur\u0103 cifr\u0103 este consisten\u021ba \u00eentre celulele din acela\u0219i pachet.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/gBd1DCMGDco?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00cen practic\u0103, m\u0103surarea IR cere instrumente \u0219i tehnic\u0103 potrivite. Aici intr\u0103 \u00een scen\u0103 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/tester-rezistenta-interna-baterie-fnirsi-hrm-10-hrm-10\/pid\/73544.html\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FNIRSI HRM-10<\/a> \u2013 un tester dedicat rezisten\u021bei interne, care combin\u0103 conexiune Kelvin 4-fire, excita\u021bie AC \u00een jurul a 1 kHz \u0219i afi\u0219area simultan\u0103 a tensiunii \u0219i rezisten\u021bei. Avantajul major al conexiunii Kelvin este eliminarea rezisten\u021bei de contact a cablurilor, ceea ce face diferen\u021ba c\u00e2nd vrei s\u0103 cite\u0219ti corect valori \u00een zona milliohmilor.<\/p>\n<p>Am verificat c\u00e2teva surse independente despre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/tester-rezistenta-interna-baterie-fnirsi-hrm-10-hrm-10\/pid\/73544.html\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FNIRSI HRM-10<\/a>. Iat\u0103 un rezumat util pentru men\u021bionare \u00een video (sau \u00een descriere), cu plusuri\/minusuri \u0219i detalii confirmate:<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/42d95fcd-867e-4621-a876-9890357a76ae.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>M\u0103surarea Rezisten\u021bei Interne: Ce Spun Al\u021bii<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Elektor Magazine \u2013 review detaliat, cu teste de acurate\u021be<\/li>\n<li>Confirm\u0103 m\u0103surarea pe 4 fire (Kelvin), semnal AC ~1 kHz, afi\u0219aj tensiune + rezisten\u021b\u0103 simultan. Cu ajutorul instrumentelor moderne, masurarea precis\u0103 a rezisten\u021bei interne devine mult mai accesibil\u0103.<\/li>\n<li>Acurate\u021be bun\u0103: pe o referin\u021b\u0103 de 5 m\u03a9 a indicat 5.07\u20135.08 m\u03a9 (u\u0219or peste), iar \u00een modul de calibrare 4.99\u20135.00 m\u03a9 (spot on).<\/li>\n<li>Observa\u021bie important\u0103: clemele Kelvin trebuie men\u021binute \u201edeschise\u201d (f\u0103r\u0103 contact \u00eentre f\u0103lci) la m\u0103surare; altfel rezultatele \u0219i modul Pass\/Fail se stric\u0103. Configurarea corect\u0103 a circuitului de test este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru ob\u021binerea unor rezultate relevante.<\/li>\n<li>Po\u021bi exporta istoricul ca fi\u0219ier CSV; are 8 preseturi Pass\/Fail, dar criteriile nu se salveaz\u0103 \u00een istoric.<\/li>\n<li>Men\u021biuni despre firmware (ex. V0.4 pe unitatea testat\u0103).<\/li>\n<li>Sursa: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elektormagazine.com\/review\/fnirsi-hrm-10-battery-internal-resistance-tester-review\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elektor Magazine<\/a> \u0219i articolul oglind\u0103 din shop: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elektor.com\/blogs\/review-blog\/unveiling-the-precision-of-the-fnirsi-hrm-10-battery-resistance-tester\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elektor Blog<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Hackaday \u2013 scurt\u0103 prezentare + discu\u021bii \u00een comentarii<\/li>\n<li>Sublineaz\u0103 utilitatea pentru m\u0103sur\u0103ri de rezisten\u021be foarte mici (comutatoare, relee) \u00een teren. Masurarea acestor valori mici necesit\u0103 metode speciale pentru a asigura acurate\u021bea rezultatelor.<\/li>\n<li>Confirm\u0103 conexiunea Kelvin cu conector 4 pini, datalogging + upload la PC, test cu limite.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cen comentarii: pre\u021buri tipice 45\u201380 USD; men\u021biuni pro\/contra despre calitatea FNIRSI \u00een general; un utilizator confirm\u0103 rezultate bune vs. HP 4338B dup\u0103 calibrare.<\/li>\n<li>Sursa: <a href=\"https:\/\/hackaday.com\/2024\/10\/17\/the-fnirsi-hrm-10-internal-resistance-meter\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hackaday<\/a><\/li>\n<li>EEVblog Forum \u2013 discu\u021bie \u0219i link c\u0103tre un review extern<\/li>\n<li>Opinii mixte: ca \u201etester de baterii\u201d valoarea practic\u0103 e mai mic\u0103 dec\u00e2t un test de capacitate repetat, dar ca mili-ohnmetru 4-wire e excelent pentru pre\u021b (~35 USD \u00een promo\u021bii). Se men\u021bioneaz\u0103 c\u0103 valoarea real\u0103 a rezisten\u021bei interne poate diferi de cea teoretic\u0103, de aceea masurarea practic\u0103 este important\u0103 pentru evaluarea corect\u0103 a componentelor.<\/li>\n<li>\u00centreb\u0103ri despre accesorii\/cabluri; un r\u0103spuns indic\u0103 tipul de conector pentru sonda Kelvin: GX12, 4 pini.<\/li>\n<li>Sursa: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/testgear\/fnirsi-hrm-10-battery-internal-resistance-tester-(-milli-ohmmeter)-review\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EEVblog Forum<\/a>\/)<\/li>\n<li>Pagina oficial\u0103 FNIRSI \u2013 specifica\u021bii<\/li>\n<li>Domeniu: 0\u2013200 \u03a9 pe rezisten\u021b\u0103, 0\u2013\u00b1100 V DC pe tensiune; auto-range; frecven\u021ba semnalului de test: AC 1 kHz; acurate\u021be declarat\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la \u00b10.5% (site-ul indic\u0103 \u00b10.5%, Elektor men\u021bioneaz\u0103 rezultate foarte apropiate).<\/li>\n<li>Sortare Pass\/Fail cu 8 preseturi, istoric \u0219i export CSV. Variante \u201eStd.\u201d \u0219i \u201ePlus\u201d, accesorii Kelvin. Pentru testarea surselor de tensiune, se pot utiliza rezisten\u021be de sarcin\u0103 \u00een serie pentru a evalua comportamentul sub diferite condi\u021bii de \u00eenc\u0103rcare.<\/li>\n<li>Sursa: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fnirsi.com\/products\/hrm-10\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FNIRSI \u2013 HRM-10<\/a> \u0219i accesorii: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fnirsi.com\/products\/hrm-10-accessory\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FNIRSI \u2013 HRM-10 Accessory<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/681ee199-5e57-4867-8443-48d1d5c6e14d.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Vizualizarea rezultatelor m\u0103sur\u0103torilor dintr-o perspectiv\u0103 de ansamblu (vedere) ajut\u0103 la interpretarea rapid\u0103 a st\u0103rii componentelor testate.<\/p>\n<h2>Rezisten\u021ba interna \u0219i caracteristici<\/h2>\n<p>Rezisten\u021ba intern\u0103 reprezint\u0103 un parametru esen\u021bial \u00een evaluarea performan\u021bei oric\u0103rei surse de tensiune sau a bateriilor utilizate \u00een circuite electrice. Aceasta reflect\u0103 opozi\u021bia pe care o \u00eent\u00e2mpin\u0103 curentul electric \u00een interiorul sursei, influen\u021b\u00e2nd direct at\u00e2t tensiunea disponibil\u0103 la borne, c\u00e2t \u0219i eficien\u021ba general\u0103 a sistemului. \u00cen practic\u0103, o rezisten\u021b\u0103 intern\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103 este asociat\u0103 cu o performan\u021b\u0103 superioar\u0103, \u00een timp ce o valoare mare a rezisten\u021bei interne poate duce la pierderi de energie, \u00eenc\u0103lzire excesiv\u0103 \u0219i sc\u0103derea duratei de via\u021b\u0103 a bateriilor.<\/p>\n<p>Determinarea rezisten\u021bei interne se realizeaz\u0103 folosind diverse metode, adaptate specificului aplica\u021biei. Una dintre cele mai utilizate metode implic\u0103 m\u0103surarea tensiunii la bornele bateriei \u00een condi\u021bii de sarcin\u0103 \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 sarcin\u0103, apoi calcularea rezisten\u021bei interne pe baza diferen\u021bei de tensiune \u0219i a curentului m\u0103surat. Aceast\u0103 abordare permite ob\u021binerea rapid\u0103 a unei valori relevante pentru aplica\u021bii practice, fiind util\u0103 at\u00e2t \u00een laborator, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een teren.<\/p>\n<p>O alt\u0103 metod\u0103, mai avansat\u0103, presupune utilizarea unor instrumente specifice care aplic\u0103 un curent de test controlat \u0219i m\u0103soar\u0103 direct sc\u0103derea de tensiune rezultat\u0103, oferind astfel o imagine mai precis\u0103 asupra caracteristicilor interne ale bateriilor. Aceste metode sunt deosebit de utile pentru bateriile moderne, unde precizia determin\u0103rii rezisten\u021bei interne este crucial\u0103 pentru evaluarea st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i pentru prevenirea defec\u021biunilor.<\/p>\n<p>Rezisten\u021ba intern\u0103 este influen\u021bat\u0103 de factori precum materialele folosite la fabricarea bateriilor, structura intern\u0103, procesele electrochimice \u0219i chiar temperatura de func\u021bionare. O rezisten\u021b\u0103 intern\u0103 crescut\u0103 poate semnala uzura sau degradarea componentelor interne, motiv pentru care monitorizarea periodic\u0103 a acestui parametru devine esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru mentenan\u021ba preventiv\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen concluzie, m\u0103surarea corect\u0103 a rezisten\u021bei interne, folosind metode adaptate \u0219i instrumente potrivite, permite identificarea rapid\u0103 a problemelor poten\u021biale \u0219i optimizarea performan\u021bei sistemelor electrice. Fie c\u0103 este vorba de baterii pentru aplica\u021bii industriale sau de surse de alimentare pentru dispozitive electronice, \u00een\u021belegerea \u0219i controlul rezisten\u021bei interne asigur\u0103 func\u021bionarea fiabil\u0103 \u0219i eficient\u0103 a circuitelor, prelungind durata de via\u021b\u0103 a componentelor \u0219i reduc\u00e2nd riscul de defec\u021biuni.<\/p>\n<h2>Plusuri observate \u00een determinarea (convergen\u021b\u0103 \u00eentre surse)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Conexiune Kelvin real\u0103 (4 fire) \u0219i m\u0103surare AC ~1 kHz \u2013 bun pentru m\u03a9.<\/li>\n<li>Acurate\u021be foarte bun\u0103 pentru pre\u021b, inclusiv ca mili-ohnmetru standalone. Mod calibrare util.<\/li>\n<li>DATALOGGING: istoric + export CSV, 8 preseturi Pass\/Fail \u2013 rapid pentru sortarea celulelor.<\/li>\n<li>Afi\u0219aj clar, ergonomie bun\u0103, suport pentru firmware upgrade.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Limit\u0103ri \u0219i capcane ale rezisten\u021bei interne<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Tehnica de m\u0103surare conteaz\u0103 mult: presiunea\/pozi\u021bia clemelor afecteaz\u0103 rezultatele; \u201eclemele deschise\u201d e critic.<\/li>\n<li>Preseturile Pass\/Fail nu salveaz\u0103 criteriile \u00een istoric (Elektor).<\/li>\n<li>Setarea datei\/orei este contraintuitiv\u0103 (Elektor).<\/li>\n<li>Ca \u201etester de s\u0103n\u0103tate baterie\u201d standalone, poate fi mai pu\u021bin informativ dec\u00e2t un test de capacitate complet (opinie pe <a class=\"break-word\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/testgear\/fnirsi-hrm-10-battery-internal-resistance-tester-(-milli-ohmmeter)-review\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EEVblog Forum<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Recomand\u0103ri practice pentru bateriilor LiFePO4<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u0103soar\u0103 la temperatura camerei \u0219i SoC intermediar (\u224830\u201370%). Este important de men\u021bionat c\u0103 caracteristicile bateriilor LiFePO4, inclusiv rezisten\u021ba intern\u0103, pot varia semnificativ \u00een func\u021bie de ace\u0219ti parametri.<\/li>\n<li>Cur\u0103\u021b\u0103 \u0219i asigur\u0103 contact repetabil; evit\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103ri imediat dup\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rcare\/desc\u0103rcare.<\/li>\n<li>F\u0103 3 citiri \u0219i mediaz\u0103; p\u0103streaz\u0103 un jurnal CSV per celul\u0103 pentru trend \u00een timp. Faptul c\u0103 monitorizarea constant\u0103 a rezisten\u021bei interne ajut\u0103 la identificarea timpurie a degrad\u0103rii celulelor este esen\u021bial pentru men\u021binerea performan\u021bei pachetului.<\/li>\n<li>Pentru pachete: urm\u0103re\u0219te consisten\u021ba valorilor IR \u00eentre celule, nu doar absolutul, deoarece determinarea corect\u0103 a rezisten\u021bei este important\u0103 pentru mentenan\u021ba preventiv\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Este posibil s\u0103 se prevad\u0103 durata de via\u021b\u0103 \u0219i performan\u021ba pachetului de baterii pe baza evolu\u021biei rezisten\u021bei interne \u00een timp.<\/p>\n<h2>Cum interpretezi rapid tensiunii:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Sub 0.5 m\u03a9: celule excelente (de calitate, noi).<\/li>\n<li>0.5\u20131 m\u03a9: bune, potrivite pentru majoritatea aplica\u021biilor.<\/li>\n<li>1\u20132 m\u03a9: acceptabile, dar monitorizeaz\u0103-le atent \u00een pachet.<\/li>\n<li>Peste 2 m\u03a9: semn de \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nire sau problem\u0103 de contact; repet\u0103 m\u0103surarea, verific\u0103 bornele.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Concluzie: rezisten\u021ba intern\u0103 nu este singurul adev\u0103r despre o baterie, dar este un instrument indispensabil pentru mentenan\u021b\u0103 \u0219i sortare. FNIRSI HRM-10 face m\u0103surarea IR accesibil\u0103, rapid\u0103 \u0219i suficient de precis\u0103 \u00een zona m\u03a9 pentru a identifica devreme celulele problematice. Folosit corect \u2013 conexiune Kelvin, cleme \u201edeschise\u201d, tehnic\u0103 repetabil\u0103 \u2013 HRM-10 devine un aliat serios \u00een laboratorul oric\u0103rui pasionat sau profesionist care lucreaz\u0103 cu LiFePO4.<\/p>\n<p>Review-urile independente confirm\u0103 capabilit\u0103\u021bile. Hackaday noteaz\u0103 utilitatea instrumentului \u0219i pentru m\u0103surarea rezisten\u021belor foarte mici ale contactelor, comutatoarelor sau releelor, unde multe multimetruri obi\u0219nuite cedeaz\u0103. Pe EEVblog apar opinii mixte: ca \u201etester complet de baterii\u201d nu \u00eenlocuie\u0219te un test de capacitate binestat, dar ca mili-ohnmetru 4-fire ofer\u0103 o valoare excelent\u0103 la pre\u021bul s\u0103u.<\/p>\n<p>Dincolo de acurate\u021be, HRM-10 aduce ergonomie: istoricul m\u0103sur\u0103rilor, export CSV, p\u00e2n\u0103 la 8 preseturi de sortare cu limite pentru tensiune \u0219i rezisten\u021b\u0103, precum \u0219i update de firmware \u0219i calibrare utilizator. Specifica\u021biile oficiale indic\u0103 un domeniu de 0\u2013200 \u03a9 pentru rezisten\u021b\u0103 \u0219i 0\u2013\u00b1100 V DC pentru tensiune, cu m\u0103surare AC ~1 kHz \u2013 o combina\u021bie rar\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 gam\u0103 de pre\u021b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rezisten\u021ba intern\u0103 (IR) a unei celule LiFePO4 este unul dintre cei mai buni indicatori timpurii ai st\u0103rii ei de s\u0103n\u0103tate. O IR crescut\u0103 \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103derea tensiunii sub sarcin\u0103, \u00eenc\u0103lzire, eficien\u021b\u0103 mai mic\u0103 \u0219i, \u00een final, performan\u021b\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103 a \u00eentregului pachet. Pentru celule noi \u0219i de calitate, valorile sunt, de regul\u0103, sub 1 m\u03a9, iar mai &#8230; <a title=\"M\u0103surarea rezisten\u021bei interne la celulele LiFePO4 cu FNIRSI HRM-10: ce conteaz\u0103 cu adev\u0103rat\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/electronica\/masurarea-rezistentei-interne-la-celulele-lifepo4-cu-fnirsi-hrm-10-ce-conteaza-cu-adevarat\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about M\u0103surarea rezisten\u021bei interne la celulele LiFePO4 cu FNIRSI HRM-10: ce conteaz\u0103 cu adev\u0103rat\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1802,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-electronica"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tester-rezistenta-interna-baterie-fnirsi-hrm-10.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8WdYv-t3","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1801","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1801"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1801\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1804,"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1801\/revisions\/1804"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1802"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1801"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1801"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dioda.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1801"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}